Palmyra is an ancient Syrian city.
Formerly known as the Bride of the Desert.
And is known today as one of the most important historical and archaeological cities, not only in the Arab world.
But also in the entire world.
It has a prestigious historical and cultural reputation and status.
And the name of the city is linked to the name of Queen Zenobia, who ruled it.
As the city flourished greatly during her reign.
The location of the city of Palmyra in Syria
The city of Palmyra was a station where commercial caravans traveling between the Levant and Mesopotamia stopped.
Because it was located on the Silk Road.
The city was also called the New Athens.
And it was also called the palm oasis which is what the name Palmyra meant which the Romans called it.
As for the name Tadmor in the Arabic language it goes back to the name that the pre-Semitic peoples gave to the city.
And it is still used today.
The ruins of the ancient city of Palmyra are located in the Syrian desert.
In what is known today as Homs Governorate in Syria.
It is located northeast of the Syrian capital, Damascus.
The distance between the capital and the ruins of Palmyra is estimated at about 235 kilometers.
The city is characterized by the abundance of palm trees in it as it appears as an oasis in the middle of the desert.
The city's coordinates lie between the line 38°16′5″ east, and the line 34°33′5″ north.
Historically, it was located between two great civilizations that arose in ancient times.
They are the Roman Empire which was in the Levant to the west.
And the Parthian Empire which was in Mesopotamia to the east.
The most important monuments of the tourist city of Palmyra in Syria
The city contains archaeological sites and very ancient monuments belonging to the civilizations that inhabited its land.
These monuments are considered among the most splendid architectural buildings in the region.
Due to their great importance they were included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1980 AD.
The city currently depends mainly on tourism in it.
Among the most prominent monuments are its archaeological landmarks:
The Arch of Triumph:
The Arch of Triumph is the most famous landmark in the tourist city of Palmyra.
It is also one of the most famous architectural buildings in the world.
The site includes 3 arches, which are the road leading to the Temple of Bel.
It was built during the reign of a Roman emperor who ruled the city between 193-211 AD, called Emperor Septimius Severus.
Temple of Bel:
The Temple of Bel is considered the most important religious building in the first century AD in the Middle East.
As for its name; (Bel) is the name of a Semitic god of Akkadian origin.
Who was considered the god of gods, and this temple was built for his worship.
Palmyra Theater:
It is an ancient theater located in the Syrian city of Palmyra.
Archaeologists believe that it was built in the first half of the second century AD.
It was rebuilt after its collapse in 273 AD when the Romans took control of the city.
It was buried under the sand until 1950.
Then excavation and restoration work took place in 1952.
Palmyra Theater is considered one of the most important ancient theaters in Syria and the Arab world.
Archaeologists believe that it was built in the first half of the second century AD.
It was rebuilt after its collapse in 273 AD when the Romans took control of the city.
The theater was built on flat ground.
The seating stands in it took a semicircular shape distributed in 13 rows.
Separated by corridors distributed radially and the seats are distributed with extreme precision.
So that the seated person from any point of the theater can clearly see what is happening on the stage.
In front of the orchestra lies the stage defined by three iwans, with niches to raise statues of the gods of the arts.
And equipped with two stairs leading to the courtyard and two stairs to the outside.
In addition to three doors with ceilings decorated with triangular fronts.
Some documents indicate that this theater was built in the first half of the second century AD.
A statue stand was also found with an inscription.
Indicating that the tanners' union had erected a statue in the theater for the son of King Odaenathus in 358 AD.
Near the theater and on the western side there is the Senate.
Which ruled Palmyra under the supervision of a military representative of Rome.
Until the reign of Emperor Hadrian.
The council is a rectangular building that had a beautiful entrance.
And a courtyard with arcades raised on columns whose bases are still visible.
In the front of the building is an iwan like an apse which had a seating platform in the shape of a horseshoe.
How to travel to Palmyra in Syria
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